Consciousness Language in George Orwells 1984 - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1358 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/09/22 Category Advertising Essay Type Argumentative essay Topics: 1984 Essay Did you like this example? Newspeak is the official language of Oceania. It is the depletion of words. The Party wanted to make it impossible to commit thoughtcrimes by literally erasing all of the negative words that one would use. Oldspeak is what Winston and the proles spoke in. By 1984, most people had abandoned Oldspeak. The Party did not bother teaching the proles the new language because they didn’t care about them. The proles have a conscience but they are not conscience of their consciousness. Winston could not bring himself to use Newspeak because he still had a sense of emotions that did not exist in Newspeak. Winston can still remember and thinks he can feel a sense of family, love, and guilt. The only emotions other people felt were pain, hatred and loyalty to the Party. Speaking in Oldspeak was a sign of consciousness. Throughout the book Winston grew to a stronger sense of awareness. The memories he began to acquire made him realize the lies the Party told. Winston was able to recall his memories because he used language and thought. The party believed Proles and animals are free. They were free to use thought and Oldspeak. They are somewhat conscious of themselves. Proles don’t care about anything the Party would call important, so they are allowed to think what they want without having to fear the Party. They are allowed to think what they want. They are allowed to marry whom they want and spend their time how they please. This leads the reader to assume that although they are not educated, they have some sort of decision making process. Even if they do not make use of it they have it. On page 71, the book explains that the Proles needed to be kept in subjection, but they were not necessarily watched. The Party felt no need to keep to harsh of a watchful eye on them because they weren’t smart enough to be a threat to the Party; and if one had become risk, one would be killed. The way they were controlled was being occupied by beer an d gambling. The Proles were free to marry whom they wanted. This shows they are conscious of feelings towards another Human being. They have a sense family. They did not call each other comrades like the Party. They raised their children without preparing them for the Party. This meant that the children were less likely to turn on their parents. The Party did not marry a person based on their emotional feelings, they married someone convenient. In fact, Party members were not allowed to marry if they had been attracted to their partner. On page 70, Winston writes in his diary, â€Å"Until they become conscious they will never rebel, and until after they have rebelled they cannot become conscious†. Winston believes they are not free. You cannot be liberated without consciousness. Therefore, the Proles will never be conscious. However, the proles are conscious because they speak in Oldspeak, they just have a different type of consciousness than Winston. They are conscious of making decisions such as choosing a spouse. They own their own businesses and spend their days how they please. Winston is conscious in a different way. He is aware of the lies of the Party. On page 135 he says, â€Å"In this game we are playing, we can’t win†. Winston is conscious that the Party will always prevail. He doesn’t know how much control they can actually have yet, but he knows eventually him and Julia will lose. They know it is a matter of time before they are found out by the Thought Police. He acknowledges that by saying, â€Å"we are dead†. She replies, â€Å"we are not dead yet†. He knows that the Party will always win but that they are always wrong. He has memories from before the Revolution, before the Party ruled. He knows things that the Party says are wrong. For example, when they tell the people that they have always been at war with Eurasia, they believe it. Although just the day before they knew they were at peace wi th Eurasia and their enemy was Eastasia. This is because the people of Oceania used Double Think. Winston was conscious of Double Think and therefore knew he could not believe two contradictory ideas. When Winston was captured by the Though Police he was forced to â€Å"relearn† everything. Once Winston succumbs to O’Brien by giving in to double thinking and the Party, he loses his consciousness. Winston wonders if he is the insane one since he finds himself to be the only one to have these thoughts. Winston is conscious of how the Party uses language to manipulate the people. He understands that, for example, â€Å"war† and â€Å"peace† are two contradictory ideas. The Party, however does not. This is how Winston is different than the Party. He understands Double Think. He knows that in language there is something greater then orthodoxy. Winston longs to be able to think and behave how he pleases. Orthodoxy is the main belief of the Party. Fully sh aring in their beliefs and views is the ultimate form of unconsciousness. Almost everything that the Party said was a lie or a contradictory. For example their slogans, â€Å"WAR IS PEACE. FREEDOM IS SLAVERY. IGNORANCE IS STRENGTH†. Certainly we can see how ridiculous these statements are but to the Party members they made perfect sense. The slogans are normal to them because they don’t understand what â€Å"peace†, â€Å"freedom†, or â€Å"strength† truly means. Peace never existed because they were always at war with someone. No one is free, they cannot even think freely without getting found by the Thought Police. The strength and power was held entirely by the Inner Party. The government manipulated the people by using mind games and word play. An announcement plays explaining that the chocolate ration will be raised to twenty grams a week. The day before the announcement said that the ration will be reduced to twenty grams. No one caught it besides Winston. Everyone accepts whatever is fed to them by the Party. The depletion of language parallels the idea of the depletion of consciousness. Human beings have the ability to think in language. If we are not capable of language then we are not truly conscious. The Party’s goal was to eliminate words to make thoughtcrime impossible. If there were no words to express it, they believed, then no one would be able toconvey it. Syme tells Winston, â€Å"the whole aim of Newspeak is to narrow the range of thought† (53). If language is being narrowed, then consciousness is being decreased. Winston understands this, therefore, he cannot bring himself to speak the new language. The people do not even think when they speak. They speak with their mouths not with their brains. Winston calls it, â€Å"noise uttered in unconsciousness, like the quacking of a duck† (58). They don’t know what they are even saying because no words have real meanings. Pe ople don’t feel any complex emotions. They cannot even think what they want because their opinions will be known to the Thought Police. To indoctrinate the children to be loyal to the Party, they were only taught Newspeak. This made them easy targets of manipulation. They grew up never learning love for their family members or â€Å"comrades†. The Party wants the people like this so that no one will share ideas. If you are intimate with another person, you will feel comfortable to share ideas with one another. The people could not even choose a spouse whom they were attracted to because loyalty and love was to be felt for Big Brother only. This made the people easy to control. Power was the most important thing to the Party. When a person was caught committing a Though Crime, they were not captured to be punished, they were captured to be â€Å"cured†. The Party would drain the person until there was nothing left, and then they would fill their minds with the beliefs of Big Brother, and they would truly become unconscious. Works Cited Orwell, George. 1984. New York: New American Library, July 1950. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Consciousness Language in George Orwells 1984" essay for you Create order

The Drug Addiction Of The United States - 774 Words

It is possible to stop most drug addiction in the United States within a very short time. Simply make all drugs available and sell them at cost. Label each drug with a precise description of what effect - good and bad - the drug will have on the taker. This will require heroic honesty. Don t say that marijuana is addictive or dangerous when it is neither, as millions of people know - unlike speed, which kills most unpleasantly, or heroin, which is addictive and difficult to kick. For the record, I have tried - once - almost every drug and liked none, disproving the popular Fu Manchu theory that a single whiff of opium will enslave the mind. Nevertheless many drugs are bad for certain people to take and they should be told why in a sensible way. Along with exhortation and warning, it might be good for our citizens to recall (or learn for the first time) that the United States was the creation of men who believed that each man has the right to do what he wants with his own life as long as he does not interfere with his neighbor s pursuit of happiness (that his neighbor s idea of happiness is persecuting others does confuse matters a bit). This is a startling notion to the current generation of Americans. 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Demand & Supply of Resources in Australia-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Demand and Supply of Certain Resources in Australia. Answer: Availability of resources is the basics for production activity in the economy. Rich a nation is natural resources greater is the scope for economic growth of the nation. Sometimes despite having, plenty of natural resources country often lags behind the expected growth. An example o such nation is Africa. Because of inability to extract the resources, the resources remain unutilized. Therefore, proper resource management is crucial. In the paper, demand supply management of resources in Australia is discussed. Summary highlights of the story Agricultural, mineral and human resources are basis for Australian production activity. The analysis of primary resource is similar to general analysis. However, special attention needed for mineral and human resources. In the stock of mineral resources, Australia encounters problem in the domestic availability of natural gas. Natural gas is used as a primary raw material in power plants. With a lack of supply of basic raw materials, power production is hampered. Contraction in power supply increase price of electricity causing suffering to domestic household. The problem is supply shortage is although created by large suppliers of LNG. This is the main discussion topic of the article chosen for present analysis (dailytelegraph.com.au 2017). The main force for supply shortage is the large-scale export of LNG. The international market is a more lucrative place for business. A large share of natural gas was previously supplied by Queensland alone. With growing attention to export, more than 58% of supplied gas is now exported to big exporters like Shell, Origin and Santos (Lodhia et al. 2013). This contributes to mismatch between supply and demand in the domestic target. In Australia, most of the power plants are directed to use natural gas that coal keeping in mind the clean energy target of the state. In this situation if the main resource for power generation are used for meeting external demand then there is an obvious supply crisis. Given the demand, the restricted supply increases price largely. Despite paying a high price people in Australia cannot be secured with a undisturbed power supply. Record suggest that domestic price for natural gas increased by 57% in the last two years (Giurco et al. 2014). In the report, prediction for a future supply shortage is also predicted for some major states in Australia. These states include New South Wales, Victoria and South Australia. Another reason for high price in the energy market is the movement of major suppliers as a cartel. They do so to stay in the international market by recovering their loss at the cost of domestic producers. Economic theories and concept The problem that Australia is facing is directly connected with common economic problem of lack of supply to meet the demand and resulted high price. Balance between supply and demand is an important condition for smooth functioning of free market. Demand defines buyers willingness to pay for a good in the market. Suppliers take their decision about how much quantity they are willing to supply in the market (Ali et al. 2017). The parity between buyers and suppliers decision determine the state of the market. In case where there is mismatch between these, two the price will be either higher or lower than the price prevail under free market condition. When there is a reduction in supply, then this is indicated by an inward shift in the supply curve. However, demand cannot respond so quickly and in case of necessary good demand does not change at all. To serve large number of consumers with a limited supply, price increases rapidly. This is preciously what is happening is Australian mar ket. Figure 1: effects of an inward shift in the supply curve (Source: Rader 2014) Before 1990, the position of Australia in international market is not so strong. As a result, domestic resources are used only for meeting domestic demand. there was no problem in the power sector . Both coal and natural gas were used to supply power for domestic and industrial use. With economic progress, international relation strengthens and gives a boost to export. The export of LNG increases (Moran and Kunz 2014). Many of the suppliers completely restrict their domestic supply and only engage in exportation. Individual decision of some suppliers resulted in a nationwide shortage of power and blackout becomes more frequent. Another economic theory that needs to be evaluated is the impact of cartel in the market. Oligopoly sellers are often interested in forming a cartel in order to enjoy a greater control in the market (Currie, Peel and Peters 2016). Two or more large player in the market jointly takes the decision regarding price and output. The firm having high production cost may supply a small quantity whereas firm having low cost supplies a greater quantity. Industry as a whole has the joint supply and the firms enjoy equal industrial profit. In case of Australia, suppliers form cartel to set a high price. The price in domestic market is often higher than that in the international market (Rader 2014). Recommendation The present problem of mineral resource in Australia is the existing supply shortage and high price. Regulation should be made to control price. Traditional methods like setting a price ceiling may be one strategy. Another strategy to reduce price is to increase domestic supply by reducing export. Government can impose a quota an export. Supply excess of domestic demand should only be allowed for export. Instead of depending only on natural gas, alternative sources for fuelling power plants should be encouraged. Use of modern emission efficient technology is one way out in this regard. Conclusion The paper analyses demand and supply situation for mineral resources in Australia. There is high mismatch between supply and demand in this industry. Supply fall short of demand resulting in a high price. Increase in export is one reason for supply shortage. Close down of old plants is another factor contributing to lack of power supply. Consumers are exposed to high price and frequent blackouts. Regulation needs to be made to correct the situation. Suppliers should give priority to domestic demand first. The problem, if not solved quickly then can become even bigger and prevent economic progress. References Ali, S.H., Giurco, D., Arndt, N., Nickless, E., Brown, G., Demetriades, A., Durrheim, R., Enriquez, M.A., Kinnaird, J., Littleboy, A. and Meinert, L.D., 2017. Mineral supply for sustainable development requires resource governance.Nature,543(7645), pp.367-372. Currie, D., Peel, D. and Peters, W. eds., 2016.Microeconomic Analysis (Routledge Revivals): Essays in Microeconomics and Economic Development. Routledge. Dailytelegraph.com.au. (2017).Gas shortages could cause NSW blackouts. [online] Available at: https://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/news/nsw/nsw-energy-crisis-gas-shortages-could-trigger-widespread-blackouts/news-story/ce7284fa5bfe589215c57ea3d3d4d77b [Accessed 24 Aug. 2017]. Giurco, D., Littleboy, A., Boyle, T., Fyfe, J. and White, S., 2014. Circular economy: questions for responsible minerals, additive manufacturing and recycling of metals.Resources,3(2), pp.432-453. Lodhia, S.K., Moran, C., Kunz, N.C. and Huisingh, D., 2013. The sustainability agenda of the minerals and energy supply and demand network: an integrative analysis of ecological, ethical, economic, and technological dimensions. Moran, C.J. and Kunz, N.C., 2014. Sustainability as it pertains to minerals and energy supply and demand: a new interpretative perspective for assessing progress.Journal of cleaner production,84, pp.16-26. Rader, T., 2014.Theory of microeconomics. Academic Press.